Subordinate Clauses

Clauses

A complex sentence is composed of an independent clause and at least one Subordinate or Dependent Clause, which adds information to the independent clause and cannot stand alone as a complete thought. These fragments of the sentences are linked by different kinds of connectors.

Subordinate Clause: clause that cannot form a sentence by itself, but can be combined with a main clause to form a sentence.

A complex sentence containing a Subordinate or Dependent Clause has this structure:
Independent clause (Subject+verb) + connector + Subordinate clause (Subject + verb)

Independent Clause	Subordinate (dependent) Clause
She was studying	while Mary and John were walking in the park.
They went on a long road trip	even though their parents wanted them to spend the summer at home.
*They* spent the night at the beach	until dawn broke into a beautiful sunrise.

Subordinate or Dependent Clause adds information to the independent clause and cannot stand alone as a complete thought. Subordinate Clauses may contain compound subjects (more than one subject).

We use a subordinate (dependent) clause to add information to the independent clause. A complex sentence in English is made up of an independent clause and a subordinate clause. When we wish to form a complex sentence containing a subordinate clause, we have to follow the following structure: Independent clause (Subject+verb) + connector + Subordinate clause (Subject + verb). You can find examples of complex sentences (with the independent and subordinate clauses marked clearly) in the Example section. Important: a subordinate clause cannot stand alone as a complete thought (we need to have an independent clause and connector).

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